Essay Mahayana Buddhism - 1396 Words

History proves that as Buddhism spread throughout the Asian world in the early 1st century, it was occasionally altered to fit the specific needs and beliefs of people it touched. Mahayana Buddhism is one such example of this gradual evolution. It was primarily a movement started and kept alive by monks that slowly gained popularity amongst lay people but was in no way a unified movement. Mahayana Buddhism still adheres to the basic fundamental beliefs presented in the Pali Canons, however, it Sutras often expand upon these basic ideas and traditions in order to answer the questions of a later generation. After closer study of the Mahayana texts the â€Å"A Sutra for Long Life† and â€Å"The World Universe as a Sutra†, it seems†¦show more content†¦The best members of the laity could hope for was a rebirth as a monk or a nun. Mahayana Buddhism makes enlightenment an obtainable goal for all not just the clergy; furthermore, the notion of an â€Å"inner Buddhaho od† provides a greater connection to the Buddha and his teachings for its followers. The truth is within reach for all, they just have to look within themselves to find and accept it. The sutras also make clear the idea of the Bodhisattva, those who have reached awakening and refrain from entering Nirvana in order to help others along the path. For example, the TathÄ gata is described as a person with â€Å"penetrating wisdom, and was endowed with a perfectly pure divine eye† (World Universe as a Sutra, 109). The TathÄ gata has already found the knowledge and truth within himself and is therefore able to see that the same wisdom is present within every being. He finds it strange that every being cannot see the truth within, and therefore, takes it upon himself to â€Å"teach these beings so that they may fully awaken within the Noble path.† This is known as the â€Å"tenth intuition of Bodhisattvas†, where the Bodhisattvas â€Å"practice, know and per ceive†, the minds of the awakened inShow MoreRelatedTheravada And Mahayana Buddhism And Buddhism1433 Words   |  6 Pagesschisms of Buddhism due to different outlooks on the fundamental teachings and ideas of Buddhism. The two that have survived and are still current today are Theravada and Mahayana Buddhism. Theravada Buddhism is often found in southern locations, which include Sri Lanka, Thailand, Burma, Laos, Cambodia, and parts of Southeast Asia (Mitchell, pp. 91). Mahayana Buddhism, however, is found in the northern areas of the world, such as: Tibet, China, Taiwan, Japan, and more. These two schools of Buddhism bothRead MoreMahayana Branch of Buddhism 1114 Words   |  5 PagesOne branch of Buddhism is Mahayana, which literally means the Great Vehicle. Mahayana can more easily be defined as a loose collection of teachings with large and extensive principles that coexist all together. Mahayana defines itself as penetrating further and more deeply into the Buddhas Dharm a, or the way of the Buddha. This practice originates in India, and slowly spread across Asia to countries as China, Japan, Korea through the missionary activities of monks and the support of kings. HoweverRead MoreEssay on Theravada Buddhism and Mahayana Buddhism2768 Words   |  12 Pages There are two forms of Buddhism that are still prevalent in society today, these are Theravada and Mahayana. Both these traditions have existed for many centuries and encompass important beliefs derived from the Pali Canon and other ancient Indian Buddhist literature. They revert back to the orthodox teachings presented by the historical Gautama Buddha such as The Four Noble Truths and The Eightfold Path. Both these forms of Buddhism stay devoted to the traditional beliefs that the religionRead MoreThe History of Mahayana Buddhism Essay1118 Words   |  5 Pages Mahayana Buddhism originated in India and is believed to be associated with some of the oldest known existing branches of Bud dhism. The temple our group visited was devoted to this philosophical way of thinking, and its practices. More than half of all Buddhist practitioners participate in the Mahayana tradition, making it the largest major tradition of Buddhism existing today (Statistics on Buddhism). In the course of its history, Mahayana Buddhism spread from India to various other Asian countriesRead MoreBuddhism Is An Indispensable Element Of Chinese And Formation Of Mahayana Buddhism Essay1477 Words   |  6 PagesBuddhism has been the main religion of china for several thousands of years. In fact, Buddhism is an indispensable element of Chinese philosophy and literature. As we all know, Buddhism originated in India and first spread to China around 100BC. Nevertheless, (Mahayana) Buddhism in China separated itself from the mainstream Buddhism and created a new form of Bodhisattva precept instead of following the Indian Vinaya precept. In fact , the distinct Chinese history and culture played sig nificantRead MoreComparing Doaism and Mahayana Buddhism1016 Words   |  4 PagesWhen it comes to comparing Doaism and Mahayana Buddhism very few similarities exist. Although both religions are practice based, opposed to religions based on faith, the ultimate goal of each religion are vastly different. In Daoism it is believed that the spirit is eternal after death while In Mahayana Buddhism we see that there is an end to the cycle of life, death, and rebirth. However, there is one similarity in both that is incredibly important to the practice of both religions. This similarityRead MoreThe Dharma of Mahayana Buddhism Essay1073 Words   |  5 Pagesselfish and lonely. As a matter of fact, a hypochondria is becoming so popular that one in seven adults is facing it. In our society today, Buddhism, especially Mahayana Buddhism, becomes a cure to the duhkha that we are facing today. The Dharma of Mahayana Buddhism becomes very helpful to resolve many, even all the problems humans are facing today. Mahayana Buddhism believes in the Path of Bodhisattva, which is path to become Awakened by achieve own-being’s enlightenment and more importantly, to helpRead MoreNichiren Buddhism Is A Mahayana Sect Of Buddhism1543 Words   |  7 PagesNichiren Buddhism is a Mahayana sect of Buddhism that was started and named after, Nichiren Shoshu, a Buddhist monk in 13th century Japan (Life of Nichiren Nichiren Buddhism). Nichiren was born in the year 1222, a time of turmoil and disaster, to a poor family of fishermen and became an ordained monk at the young age of sixteen. He studied Buddhism and studies of Chinese Buddhist master scholar, Zhiyi, for years, focusing on the importance of the Louts Sutra, the chief and most profound teachingRead MoreThe Link Between Mahayana Buddhism And Chinese Culture1476 Words   |  6 Pages The link between Mahayana Buddhism and Chinese Culture Buddhism has been the main religion of china for several thousands of years. In fact, Buddhism is an indispensable element of Chinese philosophy and literature. As we all know, Buddhism originated in India and first spread to China around 100BC. Nevertheless, (Mahayana) Buddhism in China separated itself from the mainstream Buddhism and created a new form of Bodhisattva precept instead of following the Indian Vinaya preceptRead MoreEssay about The History and Practice of Buddhism (Mahayana Sect)1023 Words   |  5 PagesThe religion Buddhism came from Buddha’ meaning to awaken. 300 million people around the world are practitioners of Buddhism. In the United States, about one million people serve one form of Buddhism. From Indian, China, Japan, Russia to the United States have practitioners of Buddhism. Siddhartha Gotama known as Buddha was the creator of Buddhism some 2,500 year ago in India. Buddha taught his followers a philosophy teaching a way of life not just a re ligion. Buddha also taught followers: have

Winners Never Cheat - 1792 Words

Winners never cheat and cheaters never win Winners never cheat and cheaters never win. Americans have grown up with this statement. It is as American as baseball or apple pie. It appears that over the years, winning has become everything and athletes will do whatever it takes to win. In order to achieve this goal, more and more professional athletes are turning to the use of performance enhancing drugs. A performance enhancing drug is any substance that is taken for the sole purpose of enhancing athletic performance (Saltzman, 2006 p. 16). Professional athletes who take performance enhancing drugs create false expectations for the children and teenagers who look up to them. Athletes are role models, whether they like it or not.†¦show more content†¦Athletes accepted the charges in 120 cases, but in the remaining 29 instances they challenged the agency, which put the cases into arbitration. (Nawrocki, 2006, p.24) In an interview with the Travel Tygart, the general counsel for the United States Anti-Doping Agency, Nawrocki (2006, p.24) quotes him as saying that his job is less about catching the bad athletes and more about protecting the clean ones. According to Nawrocki, (2006, p.24) the consequences for Floyd Landis, if found guilty, would not only lose the title and prize money, but would also be barred from all professional competition for two years. There would be no jail time, no fines paid, and no probation. To a youth, the consequence hardly seems tangible; there is no real cause and effect. A two year suspension is not going to sway a youth from trying to emulate his or her idol. Coincidentally, more and more teenagers are also turning to illegal drugs to boost their athletic abilities. Saltzman (2006, p. 16) stated that In January 2006, Bulgarian teenager Sesil Karantantcheva became the second woman tennis player to receive a ban as a result of a drug offense. This only begins t o illustrate the problem with the youth who look up to professional athletes. Surveys have found that tens of thousands of high school athletes have used steroids to help them bulk up or improve their performance in the field (Teenage Steroid Use, 2006). What kinds of role modelsShow MoreRelatedMoral Compass Essay1178 Words   |  5 Pageschild, I learnt Chinese traditional wisdom, Confucianism, from my parents and elementary school. The core of Confucianism is humanity, to be altruistic, upright and courteous within the society, from which I got to know the rules I should honor. Never cheat. Be kind and honest. Dont do anything that will hurt others. These become the foundation of my moral compass. As I grow older, I have been introduced to other theories which cast light on the formation of my moral compass. According to JeremyRead MoreShould Athletes Use Performance Enhancing Drugs?935 Words   |  4 PagesRoy Shurn Jr English 12 Ms. Terry 11/20/14 PED users in sports Everyone wants to win and everyone loves a winner. Athletes are a competitive group and if you are good enough to get into professional sports, you can achieve fame and fortune would you cheat to accomplish? This is the question that many athletes have to answer? What do I mean by cheating? I mean the use of performance enhancing drugs. How many records were made and broken by athletes that used these enhancements. â€Å"AccordingRead MorePerformance Enhancing Drugs791 Words   |  3 Pagesfor using performance enhancing drugs should be stricter because it can cause health risks, it’s cheating, an it’s legally, and world class athletes use it and still get away with it. The government should banned drugs so no any athlete shouldn’t cheat at all. Performance enhancing drugs can cause health risks which it takes the time to learn about the benefits, and health risks. Other drugs have different risks, benefits, and side effects. There is at least 7 different type of drugs. They allRead MoreMovie Analysis : Brings Me A Surprise 1102 Words   |  5 Pagessecurity. Grandpa is the winner. He always does what he wants, and lives a happy life. Grandpa is old, porn-loving and heroin-addicted. He is Olive’s coach, spending hours working on her dance routine with her. Grandpa has been kicked out of a retirement home, for sleeping around and snorting heroin. His philosophy is that, ‘you would have to be crazy to do smack when you are young’, but when you get older, you would be crazy not to. The reasons why I think he is the winner are as follows. In the firstRead MoreReflection Of Epictetus743 Words   |  3 PagesTo him, he thinks you are cheating, because he just sees that you got the only card that could win you the game. But you know that you didn’t cheat in the game. In this example you can perceive the game the same way that he does. In your view you just got lucky, but in his view he thinks your cheating. Epictetus makes this point to show people that you never truly understand how other people think. He wants you to understand this so that when things like people calling you names or they insult youRead MoreAnabolic Steroids Should Not Be Banned882 Words   |  4 Pagesdidn t make me what I am. Anabolic steroids were helpful to me in maintaining muscle size while on a strict diet in preparation for a contest.† -Arnold Schwarzenegger (Arnold). From a young age I was told never to use steroids, especially since I was involved with sports. I was told to never cheat or take any drastic measures that could effect my performance. As I had conducted research about the use of steroids, I have found that using anabolic steroids was not as bad as I was told. I was told onlyRead MoreReflection Of Epictetus750 Words   |  3 Pageshim, he thinks you are cheating, because he just sees that you got the only card that could win you the game. But you know that you didn’t cheat in the game. In this example, you can perceive the game the same way that he does. In your view you just got lucky, but in his view he thinks you’re cheating. Epictetus makes this point to show people that you never truly understand how other people think. He wants you to understand this so that when things like people calling you names or they insult youRead MoreFair Play Means Using Sport to Make a Better World1612 Words   |  7 Pagesgame and games are pointless unless played fairly. Playing to win but accepting defeat with dignity: Winning is the object of playing any game. Never set out to lose. If athletes or players do not play to win, you are cheating your opponents, deceiving those who are watching, and also fooling oneself. Never give up against stronger opponents but never relent against weaker ones. It is an insult to any opponent to play at less than full strength. Play to win, until the final whistle. HoweverRead MoreCompartive Fiction Essay: The Rocking Horse Winner and Young Goodman Brown786 Words   |  4 PagesAccording to Webster’s Dictionary App, the definitions of deceive include: to ensnare, be false to, fail to fulfill, cheat, cause to accept as true or valid what is false or invalid, to while away, practice deceit and give a false impression. In D.H. Lawrence’s â€Å"The Rocking Horse Winner† and Nathaniel Hawthorne’s â€Å"Young Goodman Brown† the grip of deceit on both the physical and spiritual elements of life is the theme revealed through irony, symbolism and allegory. The bible warns of the pride withinRead MoreCheating Husband By Jess Vinson802 Words   |  4 PagesCheating Husband Headline: He Asked Her to Cheat on Her Husband, But He Never Realized How Far She d Take It Summary: Jess Vinson was enjoying a witty political talk on Facebook. When the stranger messaged her and asked to hook up, Jess told him she was married. After he insisted, he was completely shocked by her response. Introduction: The last few years were difficult for Jess Vinson. As the mother of two children, life was never easy. Like most young mothers, she had a constant stream

The Disadvantages of Smoking free essay sample

The disadvantages of smoking Smoking is one of the worst things kids and adults can do to their bodies. But it is widespread in China, even some of the high school students are smoking now. I think we should tell more people about the effects of smoking. Here are some disadvantages which I have seen, read, or heard about smoking before. Smoking affects your own bodies’ health. In my family, my dad and most of my uncles smoke. It has been almost 20 years since they have started smoking. This long a time smoking made them have yellow teeth, smelly clothes, and yellow fingers. Smoking also made them easy to get a cough. There are also a couple of my female friends that smoke now. Most of them are easy to get tired and angry. So they sometimes may have fight with other students. Also, they pay fewer attention to the classes at school. We will write a custom essay sample on The Disadvantages of Smoking or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Except those things above, smoking also causes cancer. Actually, smoking is the number one cause of deaths due to lung cancer, and other serious diseases. For girls, smoking can make you have a bad skin and performance. Smoking also affects the people around you when you smoke. Have you ever heard about second hand smoke? This is actually the name of it. In most ways, second hand smoke comes from the end of a lighted cigarette or exhales by a smoker. Second hand smoke causes cancer and other kinds of diseases and deaths to non-smoking people. I think it is unfair to a non-smoking person, because of you; they may have the same or worse health problems than you do. If a pregnant woman is exposed to second hand smoke, there will be a risk of having low birth-weight babies. Smoking is a big cost of your ordinary lives, too. Cigarettes are expensive. A pack of cigarettes costs $4. 0 in the United States, on average. According to this, we know even if you buy just one pack one week, you will spend $234 per year. But if you smoke a pack per day, that would be $1624 per year. For this money, you can buy many clothes, shoes, CDs, and computer games instead. My dad counted the money my whole family spent on cigarettes last year. The number of the money we spent is $15,000. My dad and uncles needed two or three packs per day; they also smoke good cigarettes, so the price of cigarettes would be more expensive than the average price in America. They like to send their friends or other family members cigarettes as gifts, too. That will be another reason for them to spend such a big number of money on smoking. Smoking is easy to start but hard to stop. This is because cigarettes have tobacco inside. Tobacco contains nicotine, which is highly addictive. Just like drugs, your body will quickly become so used to the nicotine, so that it would request you to smoke every day to make yourself feel normal. I remember my dad tried to give up smoking many times, but he failed in every time of trying. He told me that it was hard for him to give up smoking for a long time. If he didn’t smoke for one day, he would feel so uncomfortable, and then he would smoke more times than before! Due to all the things above, we know how important it is for a person to stay away from smoking. If you never smoke, the bad effects of those above will never get to you. But for a smoking person, I suggest you to try your best to give up smoking. As you stop smoking, you will have better performance and looks, more money and energy, and also more life to live!

Raising Children Essay Example

Raising Children Essay OPINION Raising Successful Children Lizzy Stewart By MADELINE LEVINE * PHRASES like â€Å"tiger mom† and â€Å"helicopter parent† have made their way into everyday language. But does overparenting hurt, or help? Related * Sunday Book Review: ‘Teach Your Children Well’ by Madeline Levine (July 29, 2012) Related in Opinion * Room for Debate: Are Olympic Parents Supportive or Overbearing? (August 2, 2012) While parents who are clearly and embarrassingly inappropriate come in for ridicule, many of us find ourselves drawn to the idea that with just a bit more parental elbow grease, we might turn out children with great talents and assured futures. Is there really anything wrong with a kind of â€Å"overparenting lite†? Parental involvement has a long and rich history of being studied. Decades of studies, many of them by Diana Baumrind, a clinical and developmental psychologist at the University of California, Berkeley, have found that the optimal parent is one who is involved and responsive, who sets high expectations but respects her child’s autonomy. These â€Å"authoritative parents† appear to hit the sweet spot of parental involvement and generally raise children who do better academically, psychologically and socially than children whose parents are either permissive and less involved, or controlling and more involved. Why is this particular parenting style so successful, and what does it tell us about overparenting? For one thing, authoritative parents actually help cultivate motivation in their children. Carol Dweck, a social and developmental psychologist at Stanford University, has done research that indicates why authoritative parents raise more motivated, and thus more successful, children. In a typical experiment, Dr. Dweck takes young children into a room and asks them to solve a simple puzzle. Most do so with little difficulty. But then Dr. Dweck tells some, but not all, of the kids how very bright and capable they are. As it turns out, the children who are not told they’re smart are more motivated to tackle increasingly difficult puzzles. We will write a custom essay sample on Raising Children specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Raising Children specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Raising Children specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer They also exhibit higher levels of confidence and show greater overall progress in puzzle-solving. This may seem counterintuitive, but praising children’s talents and abilities seems to rattle their confidence. Tackling more difficult puzzles carries the risk of losing one’s status as â€Å"smart† and deprives kids of the thrill of choosing to work simply for its own sake, regardless of outcomes. Dr. Dweck’s work aligns nicely with that of Dr. Baumrind, who also found that reasonably supporting a child’s autonomy and limiting interference results in better academic and emotional outcomes. Their research confirms what I’ve seen in more than 25 years of clinical work, treating children in Marin County, an affluent suburb of San Francisco. The happiest, most successful children have parents who do not do for them what they are capable of doing, or almost capable of doing; and their parents do not do things for them that satisfy their own needs rather than the needs of the child. The central task of growing up is to develop a sense of self that is autonomous, confident and generally in accord with reality. If you treat your walking toddler as if she can’t walk, you diminish her confidence and distort reality. Ditto nightly â€Å"reviews† of homework, repetitive phone calls to â€Å"just check if you’re O. K. † and â€Å"editing† (read: writing) your child’s college application essay. Once your child is capable of doing something, congratulate yourself on a job well done and move on. Continued, unnecessary intervention makes your child feel bad about himself (if he’s young) or angry at you (if he’s a teenager). But isn’t it a parent’s job to help with those things that are just beyond your child’s reach? Why is it overparenting to do for your child what he or she is almost capable of? Think back to when your toddler learned to walk. She would take a weaving step or two, collapse and immediately look to you for your reaction. You were in thrall to those early attempts and would do everything possible to encourage her to get up again. You certainly didn’t chastise her for failing or utter dire predictions about flipping burgers for the rest of her life if she fell again. You were present, alert and available to guide if necessary. But you didn’t pick her up every time. You knew she had to get it wrong many times before she could get it right. HANGING back and allowing children to make mistakes is one of the greatest challenges of parenting. It’s easier when they’re young — tolerating a stumbling toddler is far different from allowing a preteenager to meet her friends at the mall. The potential mistakes carry greater risks, and part of being a parent is minimizing risk for our children. What kinds of risks should we tolerate? If there’s a predator loose in the neighborhood, your daughter doesn’t get to go to the mall. But under normal circumstances an 11-year-old girl is quite capable of taking care of herself for a few hours in the company of her friends. She may forget a package, overpay for an item or forget that she was supposed to call home at noon. Mastery of the world is an expanding geography for our kids, for toddlers, it’s the backyard; for preteens, the neighborhood, for teens the wider world. But it is in the small daily risks — the taller slide, the bike ride around the block, the invitation extended to a new classmate — that growth takes place. In this gray area of just beyond the comfortable is where resilience is born. So if children are able to live with mistakes and even failing, why does it drive us crazy? So many parents have said to me, â€Å"I can’t stand to see my child unhappy. † If you can’t stand to see your child unhappy, you are in the wrong business. The small challenges that start in infancy (the first whimper that doesn’t bring you running) present the opportunity for â€Å"successful failures,† that is, failures your child can live with and grow from. To rush in too quickly, to shield them, to deprive them of those challenges is to deprive them of the tools they will need to handle the inevitable, difficult, challenging and sometimes devastating demands of life. While doing things for your child unnecessarily or prematurely can reduce motivation and increase dependency, it is the inability to maintain parental boundaries that most damages child development. When we do things for our children out of our own needs rather than theirs, it forces them to circumvent the most critical task of childhood: to develop a robust sense of self. There is an important distinction between good and bad parental involvement. For example, a young child doesn’t want to sit and do his math homework. Good parents insist on compliance, not because they need their child to be a perfect student but because the child needs to learn the fundamentals of math and develop a good work ethic. Compare this with the parent who spends weeks â€Å"helping† his or her child fill out college applications with the clear expectation that if they both work hard enough, a â€Å"gotta get into† school is a certainty. (While most of my parent patients have graduated from college, it is always a telltale sign of overparenting when they talk about how â€Å"we’re applying to Columbia. †) In both situations parents are using control, in the first case behavioral (sit down, do your math) and in the second psychological (â€Å"we’re applying. †) It is psychological control that carries with it a textbook’s worth of damage to a child’s developing identity. If pushing, direction, motivation and reward always come from the outside, the child never has the opportunity to craft an inside. Having tutors prep your anxious 3-year-old for a preschool interview because all your friends’ children are going to this particular school or pushing your exhausted child to take one more advanced-placement course because it will ensure her spot as class valedictorian is not involved parenting but toxic overparenting aimed at meeting the parents’ need for status or affirmation and not the child’s needs. So how do parents find the courage to discard the malpractice of overparenting? It’s hard to swim upstream, to resist peer pressure. But we must remember that children thrive best in an environment that is reliable, available, consistent and noninterfering. A loving parent is warm, willing to set limits and unwilling to breach a child’s psychological boundaries by invoking shame or guilt. Parents must acknowledge their own anxiety. Your job is to know your child well enough to make a good call about whether he can manage a particular situation. Will you stay up worrying? Probably, but the child’s job is to grow, yours is to control your anxiety so it doesn’t get in the way of his reasonable moves toward autonomy. Parents also have to be clear about their own values. Children watch us closely. If you want your children to be able to stand up for their values, you have to do the same. If you believe that a summer spent reading, taking creek walks and playing is better than a specialized camp, then stick to your guns. Parents also have to make sure their own lives are fulfilling. There is no parent more vulnerable to the excesses of overparenting than an unhappy parent. One of the most important things we do for our children is to present them with a version of adult life that is appealing and worth striving for. Madeline Levine is a clinician, consultant and the author, most recently, of â€Å"Teach Your Children Well: Parenting for Authentic Success. †

Project story free essay sample

Mr.. Moral C. Moving Presented by: Motile, Jason Frizz A. Palsies, Ruin John A. July 1 l. Executive Summary A canned Jams, packaged dried fruits, producer and marketer named Yummy Company and all their products are made from pure natural exotic tropical Juice. The company is in good performance. From the field distribution, marketing, price, imports and exports aspects all are excellent. They also experienced massive expansions to the other part of the Philippines during past two years. They also have a workforce over 1 , 200, from the scenario, the regular employees are 900 and about 300 are seasonal or temporary employees. Yummy Companys workforces are currently non- unionized and its revenue has increased by about 20% in year 2004. On year 1990, yummy company bought two small companies located in southern. As time goes by, the acquisition did not go smoothly since one of the acquired companies had unionized employees and their human resource was not able to handle the situation. We will write a custom essay sample on Project story or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page The human resource was not able involved in strategic planning process. As the result of this lack of human resource performance, the company deal several human resource related problems for at least three years, and result to detrimental to employee morale and productivity, with this experience the companys top management should hire the right person in a certain position so that they could avoid any inevitable situations that they could encounter. However, unionized and non-unionized employees can be considered as the strength, weaknesses, threats and opportunities that could possibly help nor can be a problem in the past, present or future. With this particular problems encountered, the human resource management should plan some alternative solutions on how solve the dilemmas which can affect their performance as a company. As the top management of the Yummy company is concerned, it should be strict in implementing their rules and regulations or by laws, they should also implement strict written communications to avoid miscommunication. And for the unionized employees of the company, it can be advantage for their part, but for the companys point of view, as their primary goal is to earn more profit, it may be disadvantage for their part. II. Statement of the Problem Managing people related issue result by company expansion. Companys HER problem due to: unionized employees, lack performance management system, hiring practices that allowed members of the same family in a supervisor- employee relationship, inconsistent enforcement of employee discipline procedure despite the presence of a collective bargaining agreement, high incidence of theft, informal and autocratic manner, no written HER policies, prop unequipped human resource. Lack of performance dress and communications tool and non-unionized employees Management system Incidence of theft unionized employees Harmonious relationship between companys by-laws proper Employee and employer Hiring practices: implementation workforce proper selection Same family member Detrimental to employee morale Ill. Areas of Consideration Strength Unionized employees Non-unionized employees Harmonious relationship between employee and employer Attained companys Vision Goals Mission Objectives Strong communication Culture innovation Experience in people related issue on merger/expansion. Excellent Manpower and technology Weaknesses Unequipped HER Lack of concern of HER issues Lack of performance management employee system Hiring practices: same family member Lack to employee discipline High incidence of theft Informal and autocratic management No written HER policies, procedures and communication flow management Opportunities Will increase customer satisfaction Will achieve VIGOR Will have good HER communications New management team Poor position in Governmental programs to develop or enhance employees deep understanding Threats Unionized employees Failure to attain companys Vision Mission Goals Objectives Human Resource misunderstanding Wrong decision making Cultural diversity Labor unrest IV. Alternative Course of Action 1. Companys Human Resource should always fully-equipped. . Should have right companys employee incentives. 3. Should hire right person in the right position. 4. Should have Companys Human Resource written the policies, procedures and communication flow. 5. Should not practice hiring blood-related family members. 6. Employee violates any company policies and he should be subject to disciplinary action. 7. Should hire man power. 8. Employees should receive all mandatory compensation: P. D 442 a decree instituting a labor code thereby revising and consolidation labor and social laws to afford protection to labor, promote employment and human sources development and insure industrial peace based on social Justice. 9. Employees should be protected off by laws: AREAWAY (an act instituting policies for the protection and welfare of domestic workers) Companys Human Resource should always fully-equipped. Every human resource of a certain company should always be ready and have always alternative plans for every decision making in the company. Human Resource should hire the right person in the right position, in order to achieve the vision, mission, goals and objective. Its part or function of HER is very important thats why top-management should be reticular and scrutinizing in hiring their workforce. Employees should have right companys incentives. This is to motivate the workforce to achieve the certain vision, mission, goal and objectives in the certain company. It workforces are highly motivated by the companys incentives tater their hard works are being paid, they continue do their best performance in working their assigned Job. Every employee deserves incentives or motivation after they are working for good. In relevance to Yummy Company, especially they experienced tremendous expansion nationally and hitting internally. Human Resource should hire the right person in the right position. If workforce is knowledgeable, his designated Job and it is easy to the management to less their work. It could also perform multitasking, well trained, people oriented (patience, hospitable, approachable, and trustworthy), hence, place the right person with all the knowledge and perseverance to work hard to serve the company. One of the most important factors is the companys Human Resource written HER policies, procedures and communication flow. Thus, the management should have written policies, procedures and communication flow to understand the employee- employer agreement either verbal or written agreement for both parties to have win- win situation. And to understand thoroughly the dos and dont if middle management and thus top management is having problem with their workforce. Should not practice hiring blood related family member. Due of some practices, in which is practiced by some employees in hiring their kins form some personal purposes. In some instances this is being practiced numerously of time in the Philippines, this is a distorted attitude of mostly Filipinos nowadays or lack of professionalism. Employee violates any company policies and procedures; he should e subjected to disciplinary action. If an employee disobeyed the top management, or because of recklessness, he should face the consequence as part of the companys disciplinary action to correct the wrong doing and re-film human resource and workforce communications. To be lawful, disciplinary action or dismissal must be fair and reasonable in all the circumstances with some limited exceptions. The employer must have good reason for the dismissal or disciplinary action, and the employer must follow a fair process in reaching and implementing its decision. Human resource should hire enough man power. Every station of a certain company hooked have a middle management to manage the business smoothly. Manpowers HER services are designed to help the company make more effective and successful hiring decisions, and to increase retention once you bring employees on board. Employees should receive all mandatory compensation: (P. D 442 a decree instituting a labor code thereby revising and consolidation labor and social laws to afford protection to labor, promote employment and human resources development and insure industrial peace based on social Justice. ) this is a motivation for the workforce to perform their Job well. It is now covered by the law makers to give all the mandatory compensation of the employees against opportunist employers. Employees should be protected off by laws: (AREAWAY an act instituting policies for the protection and welfare of domestic workers). As stated by the republic act 10361 that no employees shall be abused by the employer and should be subjected to punished. V. Evaluation Analysis Based trot the theory to Douglas McGregor Theory X believes that most people do not like work. Workers are not smart or creative. People do not care about the organization and will adequately work when there are promises for rewards and potential punishments. Moreover, Theory X manager believes that people want to have direction in order to evade responsibility. In relevance to the Yummy Companys case, human resource is the main problem and which is facing several of problems in the company. If you hired this kind of person, you should be concerned and put them into disciplinary action to correct their distorted principles and attitude. Human Resource problems like this should be correct by the middle management as part of the Companys Human Resource. From the theory of 2 factors motivation hygiene and motivators: Quality of inter-personal relations, working conditions, Feelings of Job security, Status, Opportunity for advancement, Gaining recognition, Responsibility, Challenging / stimulating work, Sense of personal achievement personal growth in a Job. With this aspect, human resource should be more particular and strict about their people and motivate them, challenge to develop skills and to dilate knowledge, know the quality for interpersonal relations, and your growth or experience towards working with several people. From the Carrot and Stick theory which serves as a motivation. Carrot in the company can be a food, shelter, clothes as which is the basic assumption of Mascots theory. Because from Mascots Hierarchy of needs. So the stick represents fear, which can be a good motivator when used sparingly at the right time. It may produce immediate results that derive from prompt compliance. It is only useful in the short term though, as over time increasing levels of punishment would be necessary to obtain the same results and this can backfire in the form of mutiny and sabotage. VI. References O Douglas McGregor D. 1960), THEORY X and THEORY Y 0 Jim Riley, Motivation Theory (Hygiene Factors- Motivator Factors) (Herbert) http://www. Tutors. Et/business/people/motivation_theory_Herbert. Asp 0 Carrot and Stick Theory http://imitate. Co. UK/professional/carrot-or-stick-approach/ VI. Conclusion Therefore, from the given case, Yummy Company is experiencing human resource management. If by chance, the us ed theories Carrot and Stick, McGregor theory X, and Two factors theory Hygiene and Motivators could be a way to help on how to motivate their workforce towards their Human Resource Problem. Hence, after finding the statement of the problem of the Yummy Company which are: unionized employees, lack performance management system, hiring practices that allowed embers of the same family in a supervisor- employee relationship, inconsistent enforcement of employee discipline procedure despite the presence of a collective bargaining agreement, high incidence of theft, informal and autocratic manner, no written H R policies, procedures and communications tool and unequipped human resource. Fish bone theory was used as the instrument to distinguish the problem. Afterwards, SOOT or (Strength, Weaknesses, Opportunities, and Threats) is being used to measure the companys capability to strengthen the strength, solve the problems or weaknesses, grab the opportunities, and prepare a plan and let the many to experience the threats. I conclude that Yummy Company should strictly implement the alternative course of action because this may help to solve the companys Human Resource. With the proper rules and regulations, by-laws, communication, disciplinary action and written agreement and all human resource problems with the help of detailed action plan which is designed to create a new plan and or solutions to prevent any companys weaknesses and threats and to firm companys strength and opportunities. VIII. Recommendations The recommendations for this study are based on the results of the findings from the analysis. The following are the researchers recommendations: 1. The human resource of Yummy Company should train their people workforce before upon hiring to avoid dilemmas. 2. Yummy Company should discipline their workforce or should be subjected to disciplinary action if ever he or she caught red handed. 3. Human resource or middle management should implement companys by-laws, written agreement, and shouldnt hire same family member. 4. The company should hire enough manpower with good skills and enough experience to reduce companys human resource problems since this is the primary problem. The researchers recommend firming their human resource aspects since they find hard in including their people and motivate them by giving incentives, compensation through following the motivation theory. 6. The researchers recommend to make unionized united employee if a certain company is abusing the right of employee and non-unionized if the company is giving all the benefits and incentives of employee. 7. Human resource manager should also hire the right p erson in the right position to easily adjust the culture and environment which are some factors that affects human resource.

The Cinematic Signifier

The Cinematic Signifier Introduction Christian Metz was a very important film theorist who made a significant contribution to the art of cinema by his theories on cinema studies. He defines the cinematic signifier through a thorough analysis of the imaginary signifier. This is a broad topic that he set out to analyze in order to explain the elements that affect and greatly influence the art of cinema. He used a psychoanalytical approach to cinema studies.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on The Cinematic Signifier specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More He explains it as an imaginary factor, which is meant to replace or account for the fact that there is an absence of elements. These elements are time and space which are made transparent by the imagination. In this topic, the main emphasize will be on desire as a necessity, spectator identification which focuses on semantics and identification with both the camera and the characters. The cinematic sig nifier is an imaginary element that is absent, but despite its lack, its realization is still evident. Desire as a commodity Metz analyses the cinematic signifier from the viewpoint of the Freudian aspect on desires. These desires he believes when incorporated together make a combined set of aspects that are different from other art forms. This element must be well understood before the cinematic signifier can be dwelt on. Desire for the ego He views the cinema signifier as perceptual. This is because it stimulates more senses than any other art form. The sense of sight is satisfied by the fact that it is a visual medium. Everything we see from the shots, actors, actions and scenes is visual. This is the biggest sense that cinema aims at satisfying as this can go a long way in ensuring ones cinematic experience has been realized. The sense of hearing is because of the fact that it relies on the aspect of sound. Sound has gone through various stages of evolution in relation to cinema . This is from the silent era to the other periods that saw the necessity of other aspects of sound. Sound plays a crucial role in influencing perception. The incorporation of sound is in the dialogue, sound effects and choice of music. This is an advantage that cinema has over other art forms. It can simulate the senses as opposed to the different art forms that stimulate one sense e.g. Music relies on the sense of hearing whereas reading relies on sight.Advertising Looking for essay on art and design? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More An important difference between cinema and other art forms such as theatre or the opera is the time and place factor. Despite the fact that these art forms are also perceptual that is stimulating the same senses i.e. Visual and auditory such as cinema they take place within real space and time. The actions and dialogue are all performed in front of the audience at the same time the perf ormance is taking place. In cinema, this is different as the actual content is recorded at a different time and location and then shown to the audience through a screen. The audience does not get to see what is unfolding at first hand. Cinema in a way can also stimulate the other three senses of smell, taste and touch. Taste can be brought out in the way the food is made to look. The use of things like colour, presentation and even the actions and words of a spectator can bring out this sense. Smell can be brought out through the words, actions and facial expressions of the characters. The sense of touch can be communicated to the spectator through how the surface looks i.e., if it is smooth or rough or through the words, actions and emotions of the spectators. Cinema can be used to bring out all these senses despite the fact that it is not happening in real space and time. He also argues that the perceived is not the reality but acts as a kind of mirror to it and this aspect is uni que to it in comparison to the different field of arts. He uses the example of a child held up to a mirror in which the child comprehends his or herself as being held by the mother who he describes as â€Å"its object per excellence.†This leads to the child to perceive his or her identity, which makes the child to form an ego. The difference, however, between cinema and this deduction is that cinema is not an actual perception of the person. The viewers’ personal experience is not the centre of attention. The viewer instead relates to something different that is governed by aspects that in a way are close to reality. It is a mirror to a different reality. The second desire achieved through cinema is the desire to desire. This refers to the passion to perceive. Most art forms utilize this factor of distance. E.g. In music it is received at a distance in relation to where it was recorded and where it is heard, even in theatre the performance is at a distance from the aud ience. This element of distance is explored by these art forms, but what stands out is the element of lack.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on The Cinematic Signifier specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Since what is portrayed in the films is taken from real objects, which existed in a different time and space the spectator is still in a way removed from them. Despite the lack of the actual immediate experience, the spectator still gets to perceive what is contained in the final product hence still receiving the full experience. This desire is associated with voyeurism. The third desire is the desire for an object, which is satisfied by fetishism. This is in the fact that the audience knows what they are viewing is not real but they still want to watch it. That is why it is important to make the spectacle as real as possible through factors like the unfolding of events. They audience is aware that the characters, plot and story is fictional. They are aware that what they are seeing is not real but they knowingly filter out this factor so as perceive what is before them as real. (McCabe, 1974) He views the spectator as an artificial construct. This is because cinema can be used to bring out or make certain effects in the viewer such as causing some emotions in the spectator. The courses of renunciation as well as refutation are the procedures that are considered vital in the apprehension of the need. The film spectator exists in a state that is dreamlike. The spectator at one point believes that the story, plot and characters are real. This is still considered despite the fact that the spectator is fully aware that it is just a movie. This he attributes to disavowal. This he compares with fetishism and the castration anxiety of a child. Freud described disavowal as â€Å"a way of the subject refusing to acknowledge reality due to a traumatic event or other factors associated with it† (McCabe, 1974, p.44). This explanation is on child development. When a child perceives that the mother does not have a penis, he gets a fear of being castrated. The child believes that at one time, the mother also had a penis but due to reasons that he cannot comprehend has lost it. This gives the boys a fear of castration. The boy will then develop a way of forgetting what he has seen to deal with the trauma, and this can lead to the development of a fetish to try to cover up the trauma.Advertising Looking for essay on art and design? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More This realization of a lack of in the child will make the child to develop two opinions. This factor is what Metz puts as the spectators ability to have two different experiences. In one the spectator knows that what he or she is seeing is fiction, while in the other case the spectator believes that what he or she sees on screen is real. Metz believes that for a good cinematic experience to be realized there must be back and forth shifting of consciousness and belief. Cinema as a technique of the imaginary Cinema has characteristics that are capitalistic and in line with the social industrialized epoch. The capitalistic aspect being that film relies on pictures and sounds this he describes as photography and the use of a phonograph. These he sums as the factors that are combined to lure ones ego and eventually end up satisfying ones desires. Cinema depends on key areas for its realization. These are the cinema industry, which is the recording of films to make profits, and the audienc es desire to watch movies. The second characteristic dwells on the necessity and aim of film, which is to satisfy the viewers’ desires. The cinema industry serves to finance a film as well as to research and modify various areas to satisfy the needs, taste and to bring something different to the spectators. This leads to the production of good films through the coordination and understanding between these sides hence making sure that the moviegoers continue to go to the cinema halls. The cinema writers, film historians, theorists and critics also contribute and influence a lot on cinema. Spectator identification with the camera The spectator identifies with the device that projects the image on the screen, which is the projector, the camera and lastly the screen. Metz stated, â€Å"The projector in context just duplicates the act of perception† (Metz, 1982, p.54). Vision has projective characteristics and characteristics that one acquires subconsciously, the spectator projects what he or she sees and then the data is translated back in a way that the spectator feels. Cinema just serves to duplicate this experience; the screen just records what is seen. Metz sums this up with the statement that the spectator is the projector receiving the information, the spectator is also the screen, and with the combination of these, the spectator is the camera, which is pointed and still recording. (Metz, 1982) Metz argues that the spectator identifies with the camera to a big extent. The spectator is in a way not in the screen but the fact that he or she is watching it and perceives it the cinematic signifier is realized. Spectators when watching a film become so focused in the film that they may not even be aware of themselves. This makes one identify with the camera completely. The cameras movements become the spectators’ movements. When the camera pans to the left, the spectator moves to the left and when it pans to the right so does the spectator. T he tracking shots also become the spectators’ movements and turns. Using different camera angles and movements, the spectator can be made to either be present or absent in the film. Spectator identification with the character Though the spectator knows what is unfolding before him or her is fictional, a feeling or form of connection is still made between the spectator and the character. The spectator connects with the character emotionally even when the character is not at the same place and time. The characters feelings become the spectators. The emotions shared become mutual between them. When the character is happy the viewer is also happy, when the character is sad the viewer also becomes sad and so on. This can only be realized through self-identification of the viewer first due to perception then after the spectator gets to identify with what is on the screen before identifying with the character (Lacan, 1989). Psychoanalysis, structure and the linguistic theory Metz ad opted a lot from the field of semiotics. He focused on how cinema can be used to signify or make the spectator to come up with meaning. The process of signifying depends on certain aspects which are mostly material signifiers these include images, words, titles, music in line with connotative and denotative meanings. He referred to the signifying practice as the way stories were told in movies. He evaluated cinematic equivalents that could be used to stand in for language and this made him to define codes that he believed worked in cinema. In order to understand text one has to break down these codes of signification or the meaning would be lost (Rushton, 2009). The different camera angles and shots also have various meanings, as a shot can serve to communicate meaning to the viewer, whether they know it or not. E.g. a close up can be used to highlight an important element that is being focused on in the film (Lapsey, 1989). Metz states that the analysis of cinema from a linguistic or semiotic angle is possible as it can be used to communicate. However, He maintained that in the language of cinema there is no intercommunication. There is uni-articulation and it is a replication of reality as opposed to the unmotivated arbitrary relationship between the signifier and the signified. The language of cinema comprises of both words and other smaller units. The smaller units are meant to bring meaning to the overall message or signification. Lapsey stated, â€Å"The narrative syntax is divided into eight parts ranging from the smallest segment to the largest part, which is the sequence† (Lapsey, 1989, p.37). Dreams and Fantasy This is focused upon in line with desire because although a spectator should always perceive the difference between a film, and dream, daydream and fantasy this aspect is important as through this desire the cinematic signifier is realized. Conclusion The imaginary signifier is what Christian Metz used in the understanding of the cinema tic signifier. He stresses on points such as identification, perception, lack and other factors in the understanding of the cinematic signifier. He describes and analyses the need for the element of desire as an important aspect in cinema. He focuses on the three types of desires. The first one is the desire for the ego, which is perceptual and is analyzed from the viewpoint of the characteristic of cinema of satisfying the sense of sight and hearing at the same time. The second desire he dwells on is the desire to desire. This is when the spectator overlooks the fact that there is the element of lack in the film and instead just enjoys it. The third is the desire for an object. The spectator experiences this through the fact that despite he or she knows that what is being viewed is not true in a way he or she still gets to enjoy it and perceive in some instances as if it is true. The role of the film industry as a whole makes a big contribution to cinema. The spectator gets to iden tify with both the camera as a medium and the characters on screen largely. Cinema relies on the use of signs; different things are put in a scene to mean different things. The use of semiotics has been used and is evident through the careful analysis of the titles, words etc. The absence of time and space is an important aspect in the study of the cinematic signifier. The cinematic signifier is a key element in the study of cinema. References Lacan, J 1989, Ecrits: a selection, Routledge, London. Lapsey, R 1989, Psychoanalysis in film theory: an introduction, Manchester University Press, Manchester. McCabe, C 1974, From realism and cinema, Longman , New York. Metz, C 1982, The imaginery signifier, Macmillan, London. Rushton, R 2009, Film, theory and philosophy, Acumen, Durham.

Analysis of Article about Renewable Energy and Climate Change Annotated Bibliography

Analysis of Article about Renewable Energy and Climate Change - Annotated Bibliography Example The temperature of the earth is increasing due to entrapment of sun’s heat and light by the greenhouse gases such as methane, carbon dioxide, and water vapor among others. As a result, global warming affects the life of living beings on land and water as well. Thus, many species of aquatic plants and animals have become extinct from the global history. In addition, many human beings also lost their lives due to loss of shelter, food and water. Apart from this, rise of temperature also resulted in melting of ice deposits which hampered the growth of human life. Apart from this, increase in the level of ocean water also destroyed many agricultural lands thereby hampering cultivation as well as lives of many plants, animals and human beings. In addition, due to loss of agriculture, drought raised resulting in the demise of many human individuals, animals and plants as well. Moreover, due to discharge of harmful greenhouse gases namely carbon dioxide, methane, nitrogen dioxide and sulphur dioxide from automobiles and heavy industries also created a high impact on the atmospheric situation of the world. Apart from these, cutting of trees in order to develop elevated constructions is also considered as an important aspect responsible for global warming in this era. Moreover, the article also provides a detailed overview about the total cost incurrence while implementing Renewable Energy (RE) technologies rather than fossil fuels. Hence, in order to condense global warming, many organizations are attempting to innovate and to develop modern technologies and tactics such as renewable energy sources. Among them, the Intergovernmental Panel on Climatic Change (IPCC), United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP) and World Meteorological Organization (WMO) are certain noteworthy names responsible for altering the climatic variations and its impact on world.